Across the world, millions of children are unnecessarily separated from their families.  Many who support orphanages or residential care centers often believe they are providing for children who have no parents or family, however research indicates that this separation is actually driven by poverty .  As we have been privileged to work with amazing partners throughout many nations, we are seeing family reintegration and family strengthening every day to the benefit of many children, families and communities. 

But what does this have to do with the World Day Against Trafficking? 

This year’s theme is “Reach every victim of trafficking, leave no one behind.”  In the spirit of that theme, we’d like to draw your attention to some victims of trafficking that may be hiding in plain sight: children currently living in orphanages or residential care centers throughout the world. 

While many orphanages or children’s homes operate in good faith, the existence of the orphanage system has allowed a new form of trafficking to emerge.  According to our colleagues at Better Care Network, Orphanage Trafficking is defined as “the recruitment and/or transfer of children to residential childcare facilities for a purpose of exploitation and profit¹.”

This kind of trafficking can be challenging to identify.  As with many forms of trafficking, a corrupt goal is often hidden behind a seemingly sincere offer of help.  Vulnerable families can often be led to believe they are sending their child to an orphanage to receive a superior education or access to a brighter future with better prospects.  Where orphanages are actively recruiting children out of families using deception and even coercion, orphanage trafficking is likely present.

Here are some fast facts on Orphanage Trafficking:

Orphanage Trafficking occurs more often in unregistered children’s homes or residential care centers². This happens when individuals or organisations have opened a home but have not gone through proper licensing procedures with their local and national government.  This presents an enormous risk to children as there is likely far less visibility on the care provided to children in an unregistered home.  New research on orphanage trafficking quotes a social worker in Cambodia on their observations of children in unregistered homes:

“In unregistered orphanages, children are more likely to have been exploited or threatened and are unwilling to talk out of fear. We can see it via the staff’s actions and the children’s reactions. The way the staff speak to the children indicates threats and use of power to make the children afraid. When this is happening, it’s not possible to reintegrate children. It’s important to distinguish when these risks exist. There was one case where the staff were physically abusing the children³.”

Orphanage Trafficking preys upon vulnerable families.  Where poverty, conflict, famine, displacement, or unrest occurs, families are more likely to be susceptible to offers of help that may harm their children in the end.

Orphanage Trafficking has exploitation or financial gain as its intention.  Trafficking Survivor Leader Barma Budha Magar, from Nepal, was placed into an orphanage with her sisters when she was five years old⁴.  Her mother had placed her children into the home on the promise of them receiving food, housing, and education that seemed superior to what she could provide them on her own.  She and her sisters were then sent to another orphanage that seemed better initially.  At this new orphanage, they were not permitted to speak about their biological family and endured repeated physical and mental abuse.  Barma remembers one day that she knew her mother and brother had come to visit her and her sisters, but the staff did not permit them to come inside.  After this, Barma and her sisters were reunified with her mother and brother, and she had a chance to ask her mother what had happened.  It was then she learned her mother had paid the owner of the orphanage 30,000 rupees to admit she and her sisters into the first orphanage, and another 45,000 rupees to send her brother to a children’s home for better education.  Additionally, when Barma and her sisters were sent to the second orphanage, she later learned that the second orphanage had paid for the sisters to come to their home.  She realised she had been trafficked without even knowing it.

Orphanage Trafficking hides behind the facade of the idea of “good” orphanages.  Another Trafficking Survivor Leader, Sinet Chan has shared her story of being trafficked in Cambodia⁵.  Her family was living in significant poverty when her parents both died from HIV/AIDS.  After this, she and her siblings were sent to an unregistered orphanage funded by foreign donations.  Initially, Sinet wondered if this orphanage might present her with a brighter future, but she quickly felt unsafe.  She remembers that she and the other children rarely had enough to eat, despite frequent visits from foreigners who often left large donations behind.  The children were forced to do hard manual labor every day in the fields owned by the orphanage director, who also repeatedly physically abused and raped Sinet and other children, even threatening to kill her if she ever spoke of her treatment there.  Shockingly, even after Sinet reported this abuse to local authorities, nothing was done.  The director continued to run this orphanage and was not charged with any of his many crimes.  A full 12 years would pass before this orphanage was shut down, meaning hundreds of additional children were exposed to this man’s abusive behavior.  Sinet eventually made a formal charge against her perpetrator, but the officials were unwilling to consider her case as trafficking.  She sadly remembers, “they sided with the offender, even though it was their job to protect me.”  Her case reveals an enormous misconception that allows this trafficking and abuse to hide in plain sight⁶.  Officials can often assume that those who run orphanages are good people and are slow to believe they are exploiting children.

Orphanage Trafficking can be fueled by the promise of support from foreign visitors and donors.  The establishment of orphanages that are primarily funded from Global North donor nations has created a system that incentivises higher numbers in children’s homes.  Lumos notes that in Uganda,

“The country saw an increase in the number of children institutions from just over 1,000 in the late 90s to approximately 55,000 now – despite a reduction in numbers of orphans. These orphanages are often built in the tourist ‘hotspots’, driven by international donations and volunteers from countries such as the UK⁷.”

While this paints a dark picture, there is good work being done around the world to combat the underlying conditions that perpetuate this abuse and support those who have survived Orphanage Trafficking.  You can be part of ending Orphanage Trafficking in several ways:

1. Don’t visit orphanages on your next mission trip or overseas adventure. While this may seem like a great way to “give back” to countries you visit, research tells us that this practice harms children in several ways.  Children separated from their families have already endured a significant disruption in their primary attachment.  This is further exacerbated by frequent visitors.  While you’ve likely seen pictures of cute, smiling children at orphanages or heard the stories of how much they loved having visitors, there is often pain beneath those selfies and stories. 
2. If you currently support an orphanage or children’s home, we’d encourage you ask their leaders some questions. Are you confident they are registered with their local and national authorities?  Do they have reporting mechanisms in place to ensure children are truly protected?  Could you potentially help them consider transitioning their model to support children in families instead?
3. Sign and share this petition from our colleagues at Hopeland to help with legislative efforts to formalize the prosecution of these crimes.
4. Commit to learning more about Orphanage Trafficking and the efforts being made to stop this crime. This brief from our colleagues at Better Care Network is a great place to start. Or you can listen to this recent webinar to hear more from brilliant leaders on this topic.

We join all those honouring today as the World Day Against Trafficking.  We share their hope to reach every victim of trafficking and leave no one behind.

As a note, Martin James Foundation specifically requested permission from both Barma and Sinet to share their name and story here.  

¹ See more here: https://bettercarenetwork.org/about-bcn/what-we-do/key-initiatives/global-collaborative-platform/thematic-brief-volunteering-voluntourism-tourism-and-trafficking-in-orphanages

² Nhep R, Deck S, van Doore K, Powell M. Detecting orphanage trafficking and exploitation. Child Abuse Negl. 2024 Jun;152:106813. doi: 10.1016/j.chiabu.2024.106813. Epub 2024 Apr 23. PMID: 38657489.

³ Nhep R, Deck S, van Doore K, Powell M. Detecting orphanage trafficking and exploitation. Child Abuse Negl. 2024 Jun;152:106813. doi: 10.1016/j.chiabu.2024.106813. Epub 2024 Apr 23. PMID: 38657489.

⁴ Hear more of Barma’s story here: https://bettercarenetwork.org/orphanagetrafficking_webinar

⁵ More of Sinet’s story here: https://bettercarenetwork.org/orphanagetrafficking_webinar

⁶ Read more here: https://www.taipeitimes.com/News/editorials/archives/2017/08/23/2003677003

⁷ https://www.wearelumos.org/news-and-media/2019/01/15/ugandan-orphanage-business/#:~:text=The%20country%20saw%20an%20increase,countries%20such%20as%20the%20UK.

Think about answering the same questions repeatedly. What might it be like to share the most terrifying details of your life with a new adult regularly?

Participation, at its most fundamental level, means that at some point, an adult stops to look directly at the child to say, “How are we doing?“

Are we meeting your needs? 

What would you like us to do differently?  

Have you already shared this story elsewhere and would rather not share the details again?  

We must regularly ask for feedback from the children we are serving, and be ready to hear what needs to be adjusted. It means that professionals within the care space must be prepared to learn from the very children they are serving.  We must take deliberate, decisive action based on their feedback to ensure we improve our manner of care.

People with lived experience of care are indeed the experts in their lives and throughout the care reform sector. They may not yet have fancy titles or additional letters to add past their name, but of anyone we know, they have the most important perspective to offer. It’s why we believe we should prioritise asking them for input on the whole system, as well as their own care. It means ensuring people with lived experience a prominent seat at the table while we work to develop services and policies for children, youth and those with care experience. It must be genuine, demonstrated by a willingness to take the time to ensure their participation and perspective are integrated at every decision-making level. Every policy and service will be better for being informed by people with lived experience.

That’s why participation, authentic and genuine participation, is embedded into each of our projects with our valued global partners. Read on to hear how several of them prioritise participation within their programs today.

Global Social Service Workforce Alliance & Child Frontiers

“Five Reasons the Expertise of Children and Young People with Lived Experience of Care Must Take Centre Stage in Care Reform Efforts” 

By Hugh Salmon, Director, Global Social Service Workforce Alliance and Emily Delap, Senior Associate, Child Frontiers 

As countries work to achieve lasting family-based care solutions, children and young people with lived experience of care possess invaluable insights and wisdom. Yet, too often, their perspectives are sidelined or overlooked. The Global Social Service Workforce Alliance, Child Frontiers and Martin James Foundation are currently implementing a multi-national project that aims to improve the capacity of the social service workforce to respond to children at risk of family separation by learning directly from those with lived experience of care. 

There are five reasons, in particular, why we consider it imperative that the voices and expertise of children and young people with lived experience of care take centre stage in efforts to strengthen the social service workforce in support of care reform: 

1. Ensuring social services and work practice are grounded in reality: Children and young people who have experienced the care system firsthand possess a unique understanding of its intricacies, challenges, and shortcomings. Sharing these experiences can help identify gaps in services, barriers to access, and areas of social work practice that need improvement. These insights can ensure that the ways we strengthen the social service workforce are rooted in the lived realities of those the workforce aims to serve.
2. Empowerment: By engaging young people with experience in care, we can help foster a sense of belonging and purpose. By providing opportunities for meaningful participation, we also empower young people to become agents of change in improving social work practice in supporting children and families.
3. Informing training and development: Incorporating the insights and expertise of children and young people in care into the training and development of social service workers can greatly enrich the learning experience and provide practical resources for the workers. By sharing their positive and negative experiences, young people can also help shape more effective approaches to service delivery.
4. Advocacy and Policy Influence: The voices of children and young people with lived experience of care can be powerful catalysts for policy change. By following their lead in our advocacy campaigns, we can elevate issues that are otherwise all too often overlooked.
5. Driving Systemic Change: Ultimately, incorporating the expertise of children and young people with lived experience of care is not just about improving the quality of services and working practices—it’s about driving overall systemic change and moving closer to a world in which every child and family can benefit from lasting family-based care solutions.

Click here to learn more about the Strengthening the Social Service Workforce for Family-Based Care project.

Beyond this, Udayan Care has worked to incorporate the perspective and leadership of those who experienced care within their programs. By implementing their feedback and ideas, children served have been empowered to voice their opinions and advocate for their needs. This input has significantly influenced the operation and management of Udayan Care. Further, several youth with care experience are now employed within Udayan Care’s programs, providing crucial insight and leadership.  

New Guidance on Transition – Produced by People with Lived Experience 

Finally, this month, we are celebrating with several of MJF’s partners who collaborated on a new tool, Residential Care Transition Messaging. Leaders, including those with lived experience, from Child’s i Foundation, Forget Me Not, and Better Care Network worked to shape this powerful guide on approaching the transition of residential care models from the perspective of children who spent time in alternative care.   

This guide serves to remind those within care reform of the importance of clear communication with children and young people while a residential care home is being transitioned, noting that “although children and young people are the individuals whose lives are most impacted by transition, they are often rendered bystanders to a process imposed upon them. They may be left to wonder what is happening to them, with little agency to exercise their right to meaningful participation.”  

The guide is crucial for all practitioners involved in any care reform efforts, as it was developed by those who experienced alternative care directly. It contains powerful testimonies from children who were often left with questions.  Researchers noted children were concerned about whether their education support would continue or were confused as to why their “home” was being closed in the first place. The report also highlights the risk of offering disingenuous participation offers, with some children feeling as though their concerns and questions should have been addressed throughout the transition process. To address these concerns, the guide recommends that leaders “clarify the areas in which children and young people will be allowed to make decisions versus the areas in which they will have no choice at all, and the areas in between. Consider not only the developmental age of children and young people but also be mindful of resource limitations.” 

The report concludes with this powerful advice, “Be kind to care leavers. They have been through a lot at a young age.” 

All of us at Martin James Foundation are deeply grateful for the leaders and partners with care experience from whom we learn daily. We are thankful to follow their lead and share their hope that one day, every child will grow up in a safe and loving family.

Question: Could you briefly share your journey from childhood to your current endeavours?

Answer: I lost my mother in an accident at one and my father to illness by seven. My siblings and I struggled to cope until we were taken in by a child care institution (CCI), a stark shift from our previous family life. There, despite the challenges, I adapted and thrived, thanks to the strong focus on education and support.

I earned a degree in Social Work Studies from Galgotias University, which was enriched by internships that focused on empowering young girls and supporting children with disabilities. My career path led me to meaningful roles at Genpact and Croma, advocating for education and women’s empowerment.

As a Chevening Scholar, I recently completed an MSc in Development Studies from SOAS, University of London. My commitment is to support children and young adults from care backgrounds, ensuring they receive quality education and care. I’m actively involved with the India Care Leavers’ Network and youth initiatives in Delhi, providing mentorship and advocating for the rights and needs of care leavers.

Q: What are the primary challenges those growing up and transitioning out of care face? 

A: The primary challenge is educational—children entering care late often struggle academically. Even graduates from top schools can find it hard to adjust and connect. They may face neglect from school faculty and receive less help, often due to misconceptions about their abilities and interests.

Transitioning out of care presents hurdles, such as a lack of life skills and mentorship for independent living, which can lead to unemployment and reliance on menial jobs. Unprocessed trauma and societal stigma further complicate their journey into adulthood.

Care leavers often move through multiple CCIs, disrupting their education and emotional bonds. This instability can leave them feeling like commodities rather than individuals with unique needs and potential.

As they re-enter society, the absence of a structured release plan from CCIs covering financial literacy, career counselling, and basic life skills adds to their challenges. Education delays and a lack of job readiness compound these issues, leading to continued financial dependence on NGOs, which are already strained for resources.

Efforts at family tracing and deinstitutionalisation are often hampered by insufficient funding and support, leaving many care leavers in a precarious position as they strive to integrate into society.

Q: What actions should policymakers and decision-makers take to better support children and young adults transitioning from care?

A: Children separated from their biological families are particularly vulnerable and often become overly dependent on care institutions, leaving them ill-prepared for life at 18. The government must recognise them as a vulnerable group within our legal and policy framework.

In India, the Ministry of Social Justice and Empowerment and the Ministry of Women and Child Development need to implement intervention programs that support care levers financially and in their transition to independence. This includes academic and professional support across all states, similar to the 2% reservation for Care Leavers in higher education institutions provided by the Maharashtrian government.

We must accelerate deinstitutionalisation efforts, ensuring that government bodies, NGOs, and other stakeholders collaborate effectively for the timely reintegration of these young adults. This encompasses family tracing, reunification, and financial backing for these processes.

Housing support is also critical. Care leavers should be included in housing schemes, with clear guidelines on rental agreements and budget allocations to provide them with stability and security.

Furthermore, many care leavers struggle with obtaining essential identity documents and permanent addresses necessary to access welfare schemes and developmental programs. Streamlining this process is essential to ensure they can navigate the administrative system and fully benefit from available support.

Q: What specific policy or practice changes are you advocating for to improve the transition out of care?

 A: I’m advocating for extended mentoring for care leavers, starting from age 16 up to their mid-20s, to ensure a stable transition into society. This includes maintaining access to support from CCIs and establishing a network for care leavers to share experiences and receive guidance.

Educationally, I’m pushing for scholarships at Indian universities and increased access to vocational training under existing government schemes to enhance care leavers’ job prospects. Additionally, CCIs should collaborate with corporates to prepare care leavers for the workforce.

On the government front, I propose mandated funding for state aftercare programs and one-time financial aid for care leavers to cover initial living costs, facilitating a smoother reintegration into mainstream society.

Q: What advice would you offer to individuals with lived experience of care to leverage their experiences to enhance the care system and facilitate a smoother transition for those ageing out of care? 

A: I’d urge them to voice their insights for improving the care system. For example, if they faced hurdles in accessing higher education, they could pave the way for current residents in CCIs by initiating dialogues with universities to establish scholarships tailored for care-experienced youth. Their unique challenges and experiences are invaluable; they hold the power to transform the care landscape and better the lives of those who walk a similar path.

In the social and alternative care sectors, there’s nothing quite as powerful as the perspective of someone who’s been there.

Over the past two years, our partner in India, Udayan Care, has underscored this by welcoming six young individuals with lived experiences of care to their fold—in roles ranging from trainees and interns to social workers. This decision isn’t merely tokenistic; it’s strategic and meaningful. By doing so, Udayan Care ensures that their work, programmes, and support mechanisms for children, young people, families and communities are steered by those who know the journey firsthand.

This proactive approach aligns with global trends, and Udayan Care has learned from listening to and interacting with people with lived experience of care from around the world. They’ve also embraced insights from the Biennial International Conference on Alternative Care for Children in Asia (BICON), which urged organisations to include the perspectives and expertise of people with lived experience within their work.

In commemoration of Care Leavers’ Week 2023, we hear from each young person working with Udayan Care about their roles, journeys, and the life chapters that inspired them to work in the social care sector.

The Biannual Conference on Alternative Care (BICON) is an inter-agency cooperation of eight leading international NGOs focused on alternative care for children. Since 2014, BICON has been a leading conference focusing on the rights of children and young people without parental care (CWPC) in Asia.

The 5th BICON took place in Kathmandu, Nepal, over two days in September, and it was a remarkable event that showcased the collective efforts and commitment to care reform in Asia.

MJF was pleased to support the conference and have two staff members (Louise Cox, International Programme Manager and Seema Naaz, Practice Development Coordinator) attend in person. Seema shares her reflections from BICON below.

It was a sincere pleasure to attend BICON 2023, which served as a pivotal regional advocacy platform, uniting stakeholders from various countries, all committed to enhancing the lives of children through advocating for deinstitutionalization and family-based alternative care. From advocates to policymakers from countries like India, Indonesia, and Japan, participants shared insights and experiences, fostering a collaborative spirit and solidarity. The event’s mission was clear: championing regional care reform and urging governments to prioritize family-based care. This dedication highlighted the collective belief in ensuring every child’s right to a nurturing family environment.

The first day of the conference was dedicated to fostering momentum for Care Reform throughout Asia. Engaging discussions spanned a spectrum of critical themes, encompassing Foster Care, Kinship Care, Community Approaches and Support, the welfare of children with disabilities, the imperative for care reform, and the interplay of culture and identity.

As the conference transitioned into its second day, the spotlight shifted towards providing a platform for young people with lived experience of care (sometimes called care leavers) to share their perspectives. Thought-provoking conversations delved deep into well-being and mental health, implementing systemic approaches to drive Care Reform, harnessing the transformative potential of data, and presenting key recommendations stemming from the rich discourse at BICON 2023.

One of the most distinctive and inspiring aspects of BICON 2023 was its emphasis on including young people with lived experience as experts in the discussions. This approach added depth and authenticity to the conversations and empowered those who have directly experienced alternative care to actively shape policies and practices. The emphasis placed on the voices of those with lived experiences was best encapsulated by Birendra Shahi’s poignant quote:

“We are the Story. We are the Truth. We are the Evidence.”

Care leavers highlighted several crucial aspects concerning voluntourism during the conference. These included concerns about the lack of ‘informed consent’ when volunteers and staff visit orphanages to take pictures for fundraising purposes and share them with donors. There was also a focus on the psychological impact on children resulting from interactions with new people/volunteers, the attachments formed with them, and the sudden loss of contact. One care leaver even likened the experience in an orphanage to a ‘human zoo.’

The conference also emphasized the significance of aftercare services and programs, underscoring the vulnerability of children and young people leaving care. They require substantial support when transitioning from a care facility to an unfamiliar world. Additionally, it sheds light on the challenges care leavers face after turning 18 and reintegrating into society. A noteworthy aspect of the conference was its strong emphasis on preserving the right to culture and identity, especially considering the long-term goal of providing alternative care that leads to reunification. It emphasized the importance of recognizing that each individual is shaped by their culture and religion. Therefore, every child should have the opportunity to learn and practice their culture, staying connected to their roots even while in care, as they are destined to return to their society once they leave institutional care.

This BICON represents a significant step toward improving the lives of young children, care leavers, and their families. Its effects will ripple out and make a substantial impact in the future. As Albert Justin, Youth Ambassador from the Miracle Foundation, India, aptly said,

“I know I can’t change any care leaver’s past, but my initiative will change their future.”

In conclusion, a compelling statement that encapsulates the key insights from the conference is:

“Care reform is incomplete without the input of those with care experience!”

In summary, BICON 2023 was not just another conference but a beacon of hope and a catalyst for change in family-based alternative care for children and youth in Asia. It reinforced the importance of collaboration, inclusivity, and the power of lived experience in driving forward the cause of children’s rights and care reform. As the outcomes and discussions of this conference continue to resonate, it is clear that Asia has solidified its place in the global discourse on these vital issues, with BICON at the heart of this transformative journey.

To access the forthcoming BICON report and get updates about BICON 2025, please visit https://bicon.asia.

In Madagascar, as in many countries, poverty, not the lack of a family, is a primary driver of children being placed in institutions.

Bianca’s story is a testament to this reality.

Bianca, a 40-year-old mother of five daughters, calls Antananarivo, the capital of Madagascar, her home. Her life took a tragic turn when her first husband, the father of her two eldest daughters, passed away when their second child was just one month old. Bianca had three more children, now aged 8, 5, and 3, with her second partner in the following years.

Her eldest moved out when she turned 21, leaving Bianca with her four younger children at home. However, the family’s unstable financial situation and the ill-treatment of her 12-year-old daughter by her stepfather led to the child’s placement in an institution in 2022.

This is where FAM, in partnership with MJF, stepped in. Recognising that empowering women economically is a crucial gatekeeping mechanism to prevent children from entering institutions, FAM supports mothers like Bianca. Our joint aim is to strengthen families and ensure that children do not remain in institutional care long-term.

FAM partnered with the institution where Bianca’s daughter was placed, supporting mothers in their entrepreneurial endeavours. The project’s primary goal was to enable these mothers to generate a better income, facilitating the reintegration and reunification of their families.

Through the coordinated efforts of the centre, the mothers, and FAM, Bianca was able to take charge and reunite with her child. FAM continues to provide psycho-social assistance to the family and the child, collaborating closely with the centre.

Today, thanks to these efforts, children are living with their families and enjoying their rights to education and play. Bianca’s journey underscores the critical role of economic empowerment in preventing children from growing up in institutions, including orphanages. By supporting mothers like Bianca, we can strengthen families, promote child reintegration, and ensure that children enjoy their right to a family. Her story is a powerful testament to the transformative impact of such interventions and a compelling call to action for us all.

Since then, the team has helped more than 40 young people to launch their business ideas. In addition, many more young people have been empowered with small grants during the COVID-19 pandemic and to create educational content through a partnership with BeatFreeks. 

With a passion for continually enhancing the programme, in early 2022, the team structured the Young Business programme. It now provides three core aspects of support: skills masterclasses, which equip young people with the knowledge and information to be able to nurture and sustain their businesses; mentoring from a specialist who has experience and connections of working in a sector aligned with their business venture; and funding to help with initial start-up essentials. More than 15 young entrepreneurs have graduated from the Young Business Programme.

Ayyab and Jim Cockburn, co-founders of EPIC share their thoughts about what inspired them to start EPIC.

“In the work that we do as part of the Martin James Foundation, we have seen how crucial supportive community structures are, whether they’re familial, workplace or societal, in all our lives, to help us grow, develop and thrive. As we grow and expand to empower more young people across the Midlands and throughout the UK, we remain steadfast in our vision that all young people, no matter their background and life experience, deserve a chance at entrepreneurialism and we need to create the support structures to enable this. Creating EPIC Futures for our generation and the ones to come, absolutely depends upon it!”

The second annual EPIC Young Entrepreneur Awards are taking place on 15 September in Birmingham, UK. To learn more or purchase tickets, please visit the event page. 

Calum Sawford, COO of the Martin James Foundation and Programme Lead for EPIC shares,

“We firmly believe in nurturing and supporting the entrepreneurial spirit of young individuals, and the EPIC Young Entrepreneur Awards serve as a platform to celebrate their remarkable journeys.”

Learn more about EPIC by visiting https://www.epicfuture.co.uk/.